NETWORK TOPOLOGY

Network topology

topology indicates at one particular how a end-system manner or work station related to network mutual interconnection and what used technology

A.    Bus Topology

Bus topology has more than two node to connection in medium. Transmission at one particular divide to spread along medium in two directions and acceptable by ananother node. Bus Topology uses coaxial cable in the implementation, in this topology,data is sent in the form of frame and every frame consist of data that sent with header frame that make control information.

Picture of Bus Topology

Characteristics Bus Topology :

• Node (device) related according to serial alongside cable,  and at secondly cable end to installed terminator
• Very simple and cheap
• Data package rushes by in one node so that network is very slow
• Not switch in this network, just T-connector in every NIC

There are 2 problem in this topology :

1.      Data delivery acceptable by workstation so necessary mechanism that identify where transmission is sent

2.      Wanted mechanism to regulate when transmission is  more than one workstation that send data at the time of concurrent

B.     Ring Topology 
This topology is LAN that consist of nest concentrator (repeater, hub,  and switch) related in a closed loop. Ring topology is not made direct physically and appear to like Star Topology. Ring Topology can combining coaxial cable and UTP in the implementation.

Characteristics Ring Topology :

·         Node’s related according to serial alongside cable with form likes circle

·         Is very simple

·         Data packets to flow in one way

Ring topology advantages which are point-to-point between repeater :

·         Maintenance easier

·         It is possible implementations fiber optic

·         Can use the router as a concentrator

·         Range is more than bus topology

Weakness Ring Topology :

·         Cable can be broken

·         Repeater broken

C.     Star Topology

This topology where all node connected with HUB, switch, or router in center. Star Topology generally use a twisted pair cable, both UTB and STP.

Characteristics Star Topology :

·         Every node direct communication with concentrator

·         If concentrator use HUB, the more nodes are connected to the concentrator, speed will decrease

·         Is very simple to developed

·         If one NIC is broken that is connected to the node, it will not affect the network

·         Generally use UTP cable

Advantages of this topology :

·         Damage to a single node will not affect another node

·         High security level

·         Resistant to the busy traffic

·         Node addition and subtraction can be easily

·         Easier to handle troubleshooting

Weakness Star Topology :

·         There must be a HUB, switch, or router to replace

·         Wasteful cable

3 kinds of cable :

1.       Coaxial cable (known as TV cable)

2.       Twisted pair (UTP and STP)

3.       Fiber optic

Some standard icons of CISCO in LAN implementations

HUB connects from a group of computers by via LAN

Switch the same as the HUB, but have the data traffic management

Routers used to connect one network to another network